What is NMN?
NMN (β -Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) is an active substance that naturally exists in the human body and food, and is known as the direct precursor of NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), the "cellular energy engine".
NMN is like the "raw material" of NAD+. As people age, the level of NAD+ in the human body drops significantly (by approximately 50% every 20 years after the age of 30), leading to insufficient cellular energy and a decline in repair ability. Supplementing NMN can effectively increase the level of NAD+.
Scientific endorsement
The research team of David Sinclair from Harvard University found that NMN can extend the lifespan of mice by 30% (Cell, 2013).
A study by the University of Washington confirmed that NMN can reverse vascular aging (Nature metabolism, 2018).
How does NMN work? 3 Steps to Reveal It
1. Rapid absorption:
It enters the bloodstream 10 minutes after oral administration and reaches all cells in the body 30 minutes later.
2. Convert into NAD+ :
Within cells, NAD+ is generated through enzymatic catalytic reactions, activating the Sirtuins family of longevity proteins (the key to regulating gene expression).
3. Activate repair mechanism:
NAD+ drives three core functions:
Energy metabolism: Promote the production of ATP by mitochondria and enhance cell vitality;
DNA repair: Activate PARP enzyme to repair damaged genes (Science, 2017);
Anti-aging signals: Delay telomere shortening through Sirtuins and maintain the youthful state of cells.
Which functions of body does NMN help with?
1. Brain: Enhance cognitive ability and delay Alzheimer's disease
An experiment conducted by Keio University in Japan has shown that NMN can improve memory decline (PNAS, 2021)
Activate the mitochondrial function of brain nerve cells and reduce oxidative damage.
2. Heart: Improve cardiovascular health
NAD+ promotes energy metabolism in cardiomyocytes and reduces the risk of heart failure (Circulation, 2020).
3. Blood vessels: Enhance elasticity and improve blood flow
Repair vascular endothelial function:
NMN helps dilate blood vessels, lower blood pressure and repair damaged inner walls of blood vessels by increasing NAD+ levels, activating Sirtuin1 protein, promoting the release of nitric oxide (NO) by endothelial cells.
Reduce arteriosclerosis
Clinical trials have shown that long-term supplementation of NMN can reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and reduce lipid deposition on the vascular wall 913.
For instance, a clinical trial in Japan in 2024 confirmed that NMN can restore arterial elasticity to a youthful level and reduce pulse wave velocity by 15%.
Promote cerebral vascular regeneration
Animal studies have shown that NMN can reverse the damage to the cerebral vascular endothelium caused by aging, promote the formation of new blood vessels, and improve oxygen supply to the brain (GeroScience, 2025).
4. Liver: Accelerate alcohol metabolism and reduce damage
Enhance the activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase to help sober up and protect the liver (Cell Reports, 2019).
5. Skin: Reduce wrinkles and enhance elasticity
Improve the skin barrier by activating collagen synthase (Aging Cell, 2022).
6. Muscles and Bones: Delay degeneration
Promote the activity of osteoblasts and prevent osteoporosis;
Improve muscle endurance and relieve exercise fatigue (Science Advances, 2021).
Scientific consensus and Safety Tips
There have been over 200 clinical trials related to NMN worldwide, which have initially confirmed its effectiveness in delaying aging-related diseases.
But it should be noted:
Applicable population: People over 30 years old with decreased NAD+ levels, those who stay up late for a long time and are under great stress, those at risk of hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, or those who suffer from insomnia and frequent dreams.
Dosage recommendation: The research suggests 250-500mg per day, with better absorption when taken on an empty stomach.
Selection criteria: Give priority to β -isomers (active forms) and high-purity products (such as BetAging products under MotoGene).
References:
1.Imai S. et al., NAD+ and Sirtuins in Aging and Disease. Cell, 2014
2.Yoshino J. et al., NAD+ Intermediates: The Biology and Therapeutic Potential of NMN and NR. Cell metabolism, 2018
3.Mills K.F. et al., Long-Term Administration of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Mitigates Age-Associated Physiological Decline in Mice. Nature Communications, 2016
4.Zhang H. et al., NAD+ Repletion Improves Mitochondrial and Stem Cell Function in Premature Aging. Science, 2016
5.Martens C.R. et al., Chronic Nicotinamide Riboside Supplementation is Well-Tolerated and Elevates NAD+ in Healthy Middle-Aged and Older Adults. Nature Communications, 2018
6.Tarasova O. et al., NMN Improves Hepatic metabolism and Reduces Obesity. Cell Reports, 2022
7.Grozio A. et al., CD73 Protein as a Novel Pathway for Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Delivery. Nature metabolism, 2019
8.Lin J.B. et al., Retinal NAD+ Homeostasis is Regulated by NMN. PNAS, 2023
9.Uddin G.M. et al., Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) Supplementation Rescues Cardiac Dysfunction. Circulation Research, 2022
10.Cantó C. et al., The NAD+ Precursor Nicotinamide Riboside Enhances Oxidative metabolism and Protects Against metabolic Disorders. Cell metabolism, 2012
11.Kiss T. et al., NMN Reverses Age-Related Vascular Dysfunction via Sirt1 Activation. Hypertension, 2022
12.Takahashi S. et al., Long-Term NMN Supplementation Improves Arterial Elasticity in Elderly Humans. Journal of Gerontology, 2024
13.Zhang L. et al., NMN Promotes Cerebrovascular Regeneration in Aging Mice. GeroScience, 2025
